The TEN-T project

STUDIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERMODAL TRANSPORT

The European Commission issued on 22.11.2012 Decision C(2012)8678 regarding the granting of financial assistance from the Union for projects of common interest "Studies for the development of the intermodal transport infrastructure for passengers and cargo at the International Airport Cluj-Napoca" - 2011-RO-91018 - S – in the field of trans-European transport networks (TEN-T).

The general objective of this action, which aims at intermodal transport for passengers and freight through a connection between the air and rail transport systems and a connection of the same type for freight, is to promote intermodality by developing a balanced system of transport modes based on the competitive advantages of each mode of transport - rail, air, land or sea - and to contribute to sustainable development mainly by minimizing the adverse effects of transport on the environment and by increasing the safety of transport.

The concrete objective of the action was to develop a set of studies necessary for the design of an intermodal transport system at the International Airport Avram Iancu Cluj in order to ensure the interconnection of passenger and cargo air transport with the railway network. By establishing an intermodal terminal, Avram Iancu Cluj International Airport intended to create a connection between the air transport terminal for passengers and cargo and the railway, which is approximately 4 km away.  

The studies were carried out between January 1, 2013 and November 30, 2014, and the financial assistance from the European Union for this project was in the proportion of 50%, respectively of a maximum of 1 million Euros.

Studies carried out within the TEN-T project

This study aimed to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses, establish the opportunities and threats related to the investment, the economic-financial effects generated by the project on the region, the effects that the project will generate on the social communities in the analyzed area (Social Impact), the effects that the project will generate on the business environment in the analyzed area (Economic Impact), the effects on tourism.

Sub-activity 1: Market research 

Athis study allowed obtaining precise and indispensable information to facilitate marketing decisions regarding new operating destinations for both freight and passenger transport, the correlation of operating hours between the two modes of transport. By carrying out this study it was possible to collect and process information, with the objective of a better knowledge of a market or a market sector and to reduce the uncertainty of future decisions.

Subactivity 2: Social impact study

By means of this study, it was observed whether the implementation of the intermodal terminal will create the premises for an increase in social comfort due to the salary incomes obtained and the stability of the jobs; increasing the degree of community integration; increasing the degree of socialization; creating new jobs.

Sub-activity 3: Economic impact study 

By means of this study, it was followed whether the implementation of the intermodal terminal will create the premises for increasing the income of the population from salaries and related activities; if this investment leads to budgetary balancing at the local and central level, including the increase in tourist traffic.

This activity aimed to develop integrated regulations (restrictions and permissiveness of intervention and the categories of interventions encouraged by local authorities to support the public interest), which would guide the urban development of the area and the unlocking/preparation of the investment process compatible with the function of the respective detailed areas .

The time to complete the study was 15 (fifteen) months, starting with March 2013.

By means of these studies, the establishment of the destination of the lands and the rules of their use was pursued. On the basis of these documents, the urban planning certificate and the construction authorization will be issued.

In order to comply with all the regulations in the field and release the urban planning documents, the following actions were carried out:

  • May 2013 organization of a meeting between the beneficiaries, Cluj Local Council, Apahida Local Council
  • June 2013 organization of a meeting with the Environmental Protection Agency
  • October 2013 organization of a meeting between the beneficiaries, Cluj Local Council, Apahida Local Council
  • October 2013 organization of a meeting with the Environmental Protection Agency
  • January 2014 organization of meeting between beneficiaries, Cluj Local Council, Apahida Local Council
  • January 2014 organization of a meeting with the Environmental Protection Agency
  • April 2014 organization of the final meeting between the beneficiaries, Cluj Local Council, Apahida Local Council
  • April 2014 organization of the final meeting with the Environmental Protection Agency

The environmental impact study had the purpose of anticipating the effect on the environment of some activities, under different conditions that may appear in the near or less near future. The environmental impact study contains technical analyzes through which information is obtained on the causes of negative effects and consequences.

The time to complete the study is 6 (six) months, starting with August 2013.

Sub-activity 1: water impact study

Through this study, the impact of the investment on water quality was monitored, and the establishment of measures to reduce the impact on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of water, Measures to prevent accidental water pollution.

Subactivity 2: impact study on flora and fauna

Through this study, the identification of optimal solutions for the conservation and preservation of vegetation was pursued in accordance with the environmental and land management plan; accurately establishing the areas with vegetation, the buffer zones and their management method.

Sub-activity 3: soil impact study

Through this study it was aimed to highlight the main sources of soil pollution, identify the main measures to increase the quality of the soil and establish the correct waste management.

Sub-activity 4: noise study

This study sought to identify the noise problem, as well as the measures to reduce it. As a result, a noise map will be drawn up based on this study.

By means of this study, the aim was to identify the potential of energy production from renewable sources as well as to draw up an energy map of the area.

The analysis aimed to use the cost-benefit analysis as a tool for estimating the economic benefits of the investment project in renewable energy generating equipment. In principle, the evaluation of the impact of the study was followed from all points of view: financial, economic, social and environmental.

The time to complete the study was 4 (four) months, starting with October 2013. 

This study was composed of procedures and technical projects regarding the achievement of the investment objective: the execution of works, the installation of equipment, machinery or technological equipment, the actions of quality assurance and certification, the actions of putting into operation and testing, as well as the actions of handing over the objective of investments to the beneficiary.

The technical project provides complete technical information regarding the future work and meets the technical, economic and technological requirements of the beneficiary.

The specifications regulate the performance level of the works, as well as the requirements, the technical and technological conditions, the quality conditions for the products to be incorporated in the work, the tests, the trials, the tolerance levels to guarantee the fulfillment of the required quality and performance requirements.

The Energy Audit seeks to identify the main thermal and energy characteristics of the construction and its related installations and establish from a technical and economic point of view the thermal and energy rehabilitation or modernization solutions of the construction and its related installations, based on the results obtained from the analysis activity thermal and energy of the investment.

The time to complete the study was 10 (ten) months, starting with November 2013

In order to prepare the documentation for obtaining agreements and/or approvals, meetings were organized in November and December 2013 between the beneficiary, the designer, the National Railway Company, the Cluj-Napoca local council, the Romanian Waters National Administration, the Regional Protection Agency of the Environment, the Romanian National Highways and National Roads Company, the Romanian Civil Aeronautics Authority, the Regional Direction in North-West Constructions, Electrica Distributie Transilvania Nord, the Inspectorate for Emergency Situations, the Directorate of Public Health, the Somes Water Company, the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage

Through this study, the identification of the conditions, restrictions and obligations imposed or recommended by the national and international civil aeronautical regulations was aimed at achieving and maintaining the safety of flight and aircraft maneuvers in the airspace and on the ground.

This activity was aimed at removing all obstacles from the airport perimeter, respecting distances and safety zones. It also established the maximum admissible heights for the buildings located in the immediate vicinity and in the perimeter of the airport so that they fall within the limitation area of ​​the obstacles imposed by the national and international legislation in the aviation field.

The time to complete the study was 5 (five) months, starting with January 2014.

The following actions were taken:

  • in March 2014 – submission of documentation to obtain approval from the Romanian Civil Aeronautics Authority
  • in February 2014 – intermediate verification of the activity stage
  • in June 2014 - reception of the study

Through this study, the potential of the investment was analyzed from the point of view of the rational and efficient use of financial, human and material resources and it was determined how the technical and economic requirements imposed by the activity sector of the investment project are satisfied. 

The purpose of this feasibility study was to evaluate the economic viability of the proposed activity. The study must provide an in-depth analysis of the business opportunity, including a look at all the possible obstacles that may stand in the way of the project's success. If the results of the feasibility study are positive, then it means that the investment is viable.

The time to complete the study was 12 (months) months, starting with March 2013

Subactivity 1: technical and economic scenarios (minimum two)

Through this activity, the highlighting of the possible solutions to achieve the investment objective and the choice of the optimal scenario for the investment were pursued.

Sub-activity 2: establishing the location of the future investment and the constructive descriptionfunctional and technological

Through this activity, the logical presentation of the investment was carried out from a dimensional and functional point of view.

Sub-activity 3: field studies

By carrying out this activity, information was obtained about the consistency and structure of the soil, the water table level and recommendations for the technical project.

Subactivity 4: technical insurance solutions with utilities and consumption analysis

Through this activity, the identification of the necessary utilities, as well as the routes and access in the perimeter of the investment object was pursued; establishing the power requirement from the point of view of electricity and dimensioning the storm sewer.

Sub-activity 5: cost-benefit analysis

Through this activity, the financial and economic profitability of the investment was determined, as well as its sustainability.

Subactivity 6: the topographic study

By means of this activity, the substantiation of the technical solutions for the achievement of the objective was obtained, as well as the recording of the topometric parameters of the analyzed land and its graphic representation.

This study identified and imposed the observance and implementation of specific international norms regarding airport security and safety within the intermodal infrastructure.

The time to complete the study was 6 (six) months, starting with March 2014.

Interesting facts about Cluj Napoca

Population

In 2011, 324.576 inhabitants lived within the city limits, making it the second most populous in the country at the time, after the national capital Bucharest

Universities and schools

The city of Cluj Napoca is considered the second university center in Romania, being the place that hosts approximately 80.000 students from the whole country every year

Climate

The climate of Cluj-Napoca is temperate-continental, with cold winters and hot summers. The climate is influenced by the city's proximity to the Apuseni Mountains, as well as by urbanization.

Festivals and events

Concerts, festivals, cultural shows, exhibitions, parties, conferences and workshops, book and film launches and other events, you can find them all in Cluj.